Jupiter
Jupiter was the supreme Roman deity whom Emperor Elagabalus attempted to subordinate to his Syrian sun god Elagabalus in his religious reforms.
↻ synthesized from 45 sources
When
- First attested
- 800 BCE
- Attested period
- -800 – 2020
- Historical notes
- Emperor Elagabalus placed his deity above Jupiter in the Roman religious hierarchy during his reign in the early 3rd century CE.
Relationships
- co occurs with
- Lares, genius loci, Genius, Victory, Mars Camulus, Penates, Fortuna Conservatrix, Agathe Tyche, Lares Compitales, Athena, Bellona, Juventas, Uni, Rhea Silvia, Hera, Victoria, Nemausus, Baal-Hadad, Jupiter Heliopolitanus, Plotina, Melqart, Dionysus, Larunda, Osiris, Hephaestus, Ptah, Api, Tabiti, Papaios, Argimpasa, Terminus, Her[e]cle, Aphrodite Urania, Persephone, Dís, Aericura, Soranus, Maia, Turms, Anemoi, Pallas, Hyperion, Astraeus, Liber, Fides, Feronia, Mater Matuta, Juno Lucina, Salus, Marica, Fortuna Muliebris, Proserpine, Dis Pater, the Fates, Ilithyia, Lucina, Parcae, Tellus, Fortuna, Juno Regina, Latona, Saturnus, Great Mother of the gods, Silvanus, Sol Invictus, Sol Indiges, Luna, Great Pan, Selene, God, the Father, Epona, Rosmerta, Sulevia, Sirona, Teutates, Svarog, nameless Slavic chief god, Hestia, Aeneas, Ganymede, Cissonius, Gebrinius, Mercurius Visucius, Sancta Visucia, Visugius, Cupid, Phoebus, Cynthia, Flora, Proserpina, Aurora, Pluto, Ariadne, Aquilon, Zéphyr, Subject 16, Vejovis, Pan, Silenus, Actaeon, Poseidon, Moon, Aphrodite, Eos, Aura, Saturn, Heracles, Cronus, Phosphorus, Pyroeis, Phaenon, Stilbon, Vesper, Adonis, Castor, Pollux, Phoebe, Telaira, Lynceus, Hebe, Ops, Juno, Ceres, Vesta, Triton, Bacchus, Janus, Lua, Consus, Mitra, Varuna, Cyclops, Hecatoncheires, Iuventas, Vidura, Dhritarashtra, Astarte, Urania, Isis, Ares, Gaia, Amon, Hades, Mother Earth, Mithra, Sol, Hecate, Perun, Vulcan, Artemis (Diana), Hermes, Hesperus, Artemis
- allied with
- Minerva, Juno, Visucius, Apollo, Desmond (temporarily), Lar Militaris, angels, Quirinus
- syncretized with
- Zeus, Jupiter Dolichenus, Amun, Sydyk, Taranis, The Dagda, Elagabalus, Hadad, Jofur, Jupiter Ammon, Amun-Ra, Jove, Phaethon
- enemy of
- Dea Tacita
- aspect of
- *Dyēus
- manifests as
- planet Jupiter
- child of
- Magna Mater, Saturn, Ops
- manifested by
- Iove, Iuppiter tutor, Zeus, Tinia, *Dyēus, Taranis-Jupiter
Mentioned by
- Astarte
- Urania
- Isis
- Ares
- Gaia
- Amon
- Hades
- Mother Earth
- Mithra
- Sol
- Hecate
- Perun
- Vulcan
- Artemis (Diana)
- Hermes
- Hesperus
and 26 more
Sources
- peer reviewed
Source passages
“the Emperor also tried to bring about a union of Roman and Syrian religion under the supremacy of his deity, which he placed even above Jupiter”
#3688 · extracted by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.5
“The Capitoline Triad of Juno, Jupiter, and Minerva were also tutelaries of Rome.”
#9073 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“A daughter of Saturn and Ops, she is the sister and wife of Jupiter and the mother of Mars, Vulcan, Bellona, Lucina and Juventas. As the patron goddess of Rome and the Roman Empire, Juno was called Regina ("Queen") and is a member of the Capitoline Triad (Juno Capitolina), centered on the Capitoline Hill in Rome, which also includes Jupiter and Minerva, goddess of wisdom.”
#9726 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“Mars is usually considered to be the son of Jupiter and Juno. Jupiter had usurped the role of mother when he gave birth to Minerva directly from his forehead”
#10131 · extracted by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.5
“Roman deities who received offerings within the sanctuary include Apollo, Diana, Jupiter, Liber, Minerva, Silvanus, and Victoria, along with two deities from the Roman East, Isis and Baal-Hadad as Jupiter Heliopolitanus.”
#10250 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001