Liber
Liber is a Roman deity who received offerings within the sanctuary at Nîmes. The sacral aura of the preexisting site was thus appropriated for the administration of imperial cult through investment in building construction and the cultivation of deities with Roman names.
↻ synthesized from 7 sources
When
- First attested
- 500 BCE
- Attested period
- -205 – 2020
- Historical notes
- Sanctuary established by 2nd century BC.
Relationships
- co occurs with
- Baal-Hadad, Jupiter Heliopolitanus, Plotina, Ba‘al, `Ashtart, Dis Pater, Proserpina, Iuno Averna, Iuno inferna, Iuno Stygia, Liber Pater, Ariadne, Fides, Feronia, Mater Matuta, Juno Lucina, Salus, Juno Regina, Marica, Fortuna Muliebris, Ariadne Aphrodite, Ullr, Othinus, Mythothyn, Ollerus, Iovis, Apollo, Isis, Minerva, Silvanus, Victoria, Nemausus, Heracles, Diana, Jupiter, Juno, Mercury, Saturn, Fortuna
- manifests as
- Dionysos
- consort of
- Libera
- sibling of
- Ceres
Mentioned by
Sources
- doi:10.5209/geri.14907peer reviewed
Source passages
“Roman deities who received offerings within the sanctuary include Apollo, Diana, Jupiter, Liber, Minerva, Silvanus, and Victoria, along with two deities from the Roman East, Isis and Baal-Hadad as Jupiter Heliopolitanus.”
#10251 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“He is known to have constructed in Rome a temple dedicated to "Liber and Hercules," and it is assumed that the Emperor, seeking to honour the god of his native city, identified Melqart with the Roman god Liber.”
#12029 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“In the late Republican era, Cicero described Liber and Libera as Ceres' children. At around the same time, Hyginus equated Libera with the Greek Ariadne. The older and newer forms of her names, cult, and rites, and their diverse associations, persisted well into the late Imperial era”
#13059 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“For instance, various stelae from a sanctuary to Mater Matuta at Pesaro mention the names of numerous deities, including Apollo, Juno Lucina, Diana, Feronia, Salus, Fides, Juno Regina, Marica, and Liber.”
#15990 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“Liber [Dionysos] lifted the lost boy to the stars,”
#20227 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001