Varuna

deity sky Hindu single tradition · 30

Varuna is the protector of rta as described in hymn 2, Mandala 1 of Rigveda. Together with Mitra, he counted among the Adityas, a group of solar deities.

↻ synthesized from 30 sources

When

First attested
1900 BCE
Attested period
-1900 – 2020
Historical notes
Mentioned in hymn 2, Mandala 1 of Rigveda during Vedic period.

Relationships

consort of
Stuta, Urvaśī, Viraj
allied with
Yama, Agni, Aryaman, Indra, Uṣas, Mitra
aspect of
Adityas
manifests as
Kadalon, Suiten
syncretized with
Rudra, Ouranos

Expand to full subgraph →

Sources

Source passages

“Vedic Mitra is a prominent deity of the Rigveda distinguished by a relationship to Varuna, the protector of rta...Together with Varuna, he counted among the Adityas”

#3884 · extracted by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.5

“In the Rigveda, the gods Varuna and Mitra once perform a yajna (fire-sacrifice), when Urvashi arrives in front of them. After seeing her, they become sexually aroused and ejaculate their semen into a pitcher from which Vasishtha and Agastya are born.”

#8137 · extracted by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.5

“According to the Brahmanda Purana, Jaya and Vijaya were the sons of Kali, an Asura, and Kali, in turn, was one of the sons of Varuna and his wife, Stuta (Sanskrit (स्तुत, meaning 'praise').”

#9333 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001

“There are numerous Serpent/Dragon deities and numerous temples or shrines dedicated to them such as Sagara, Varuna is also one of the oldest deities, often depicted as the God of the oceans, rivers, and all water bodies. People offer prayers and other offerings for rainmaking rituals and agriculture.”

#9348 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001

“In one myth, Vishvaksena, the son of Varuna, prayed to Venkateshvara at Tirumala in order to become blessed with the title of the commander of his forces.”

#10659 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001