Ištar
Ištar was an ancient West Asian goddess whose cult influenced the Scythian goddess Artimpasa during the 7th century BCE. She was part of the ʿAštart-Ištar-Aphroditē complex of fertility goddesses worshipped in Western Asia.
↻ synthesized from 43 sources
When
- First attested
- 3000 BCE
- Attested period
- -3000 – 2020
- Historical notes
- Part of the West Asian goddess complex that influenced Scythian religious beliefs during the 7th century BCE.
Relationships
- co occurs with
- Ninirigal, ʿAtarʿatah, Snake-Legged Goddess, Šapšu, Anat, Tanit, Uni-Astre, Shara, Nergal, Bau, Ningirsu, Nanshe, Nin-UNUG, Ningirima, An, Ninisina, Ningublaga, Ninazu, Nisaba, Ilaba, Shullat, Hanish, Umshu, dšu-nir, Ashgi, Zababa, Asalluhi, Zarpanitum, Kagu-tsuchi, Izanagi, Izanami, Quetzalcoatl, Baldr, Tezcatlipōca, Höðr, Lanikuala, Kaili, Ho-Musubi, Dionysus, Ea, Nabu, Ereshkigal, Igigi, Madānu, Utnapishtim, Ellil, Mushteshirhablim, Neretagmil, gods of Eshumesha, Damkianna, Adad, Shala, Ninshubur, Ishum, Šimige, Mamu, Mamud, Kittum, Eyan, Kothar-wa-Khasis, Lahar, Ardoksho, Ningal, Sherida, Shimige, Bast, Orpheus, Delirium of the Endless, Dream, Lieb-Olmai, Bastet, Set, Baphomet, Valkyrie, Eve, Khem, Al-Uzza, Isis, Osiris, Horus, Tanit, Hand-of-Venus, Hand-of-Mary, Utu, Dumuzid, Enki, Cybele, Ma, Nanna, Agdistis, Hannahannah, Innini, Mami, Pessinuntica, the Idaean Mother, Anat, Ashtoreth, Ninhursag, Bēlet-ilī, Damkina, Ashima, Shimti, Manathu, Elath, Persephone, Ba'al-Ḥammon, Ammit, Meretseger, Mehet-Weret, Khensit, Mafdet, Meskhenet, Iunit, Raet-tawy, Beset, Kebechet, Nebethetepet, Iusaaset, Qed-her, Nehmetawy, Abaset, Khereduankh, Baalat Gebal, Hatmehit, Henet, Pelican, Iabet, Iat, Meret, Nehbet-anet, Ay, Nebtuwi, Ahmose-Nefertari, Ahti, Amathaunta, Amn, Anet, Anhefta, Anit, Anuke, Aperet-Isis, Bairthy, Besna, Esna, Hedetet, Heptet, Heret-Kau, Hert-ketit-s, Hert-Nemmat-Set, Hert-sefu-s, Heru-pa-kaut, Heset, Hetepes-Sekhus, Iaret, Ipy, Iw, Ken, Khefthernebes, Matit, Nakith, Perit, Pesi, Qerhet, Rekhit, Dingirmah, Hayk, Vahagn, Aramazd, Anahit, Nam-tar, Inanna, Ashur, Nin-UM, Tammuz, Sin, Resheph, Adamma, Hadabal, Kura, Hadda of Aleppo, Dagan, Geshtinanna, SI.A-tum, Allani, Ninkarrak, bašmu, ḫulmiẓẓu, Nanaya, Kanisurra, Urkayītu, Uṣur-amāssu, Bēltu-ša-Rēš, Barama, Ḫišamītum, Šauška, Dumuzi, Enmesharra, Apantu, Mišaru, almanu, Sebitti, Tašme-zikru, Hera, Ahura Mazda, Humbaba, Bull of Heaven, Anu, Teššub, Iyarri, Dark Gods, Heptad, Tēnu, Tutelary God of Tauriša, Aphrodite, Thoth, Ramman, Aqht, Anath, Adonis, Theia, Smyrna, eagle, Etana, Adamu, Arusu, Ea-bani, Išḫara, Eshmun, Mithra, Marduk, Ra, Almaqah, Hermes, Ninurta, Nanã, Diana, Satan, Hecate, Lilith, Yahweh, Venus, Shaitan, Astaroth, Al-lāt, Amesemi, Mehit, Qetesh, ʿAṯtar, Artemis (Diana), Šarruma, Ḫašulatḫi, Zeus
- syncretized with
- Aphrodite, Artimpasa, ʿAštart, Isis, Shamash, ʿAshtart, ʿAṯtart, Astarte, Inanna, Aphrodite, Atargatis, Aredvi Sura Anahita, Iblaītu, Mylitta, Queen of Heaven, Asherah
- serves
- Ningishzida
- sibling of
- Ereshkigal, Shamash, Utu, Manzat, Pinikir
- consort of
- Destruction, Tammuz, shepherd, chief shepherd, Gilgamesh, the herdsman
- equivalent to
- Arusu
- manifests as
- Inanna
- has aspect
- Anunit
Mentioned by
- Išḫara
- Eshmun
- Mithra
- Marduk
- Ra
- Almaqah
- Hermes
- Ninurta
- Nanã
- Diana
- Satan
- Hecate
- Lilith
- Yahweh
- Venus
- Shaitan
and 23 more
Sources
- peer reviewed
- peer reviewed
- peer reviewed
Source passages
“ancient West Asian cults who influenced Artimpasa were those of ʿAštart-Ištar-Aphroditē during the long-period of Scythian presence in Western Asia in the 7th century BCE”
#12401 · extracted by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.5
“God lists known from Ugarit and other prominent Bronze Age Syrian cities regarded her as the counterpart of Assyro-Babylonian goddess Ištar, and of the Hurrian Ishtar-like goddesses Ishara (presumably in her aspect of "lady of love") and Shaushka; in some cities, the western forms of the name and the eastern form "Ishtar" were fully interchangeable.”
#22784 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“Semitic Ištar, likewise a divinity of "maiden" fertility and from whom Aredvi Sura Anahita then inherited additional features of a divinity of war and of the planet Venus or "Zohreh الزهرة”
#22888 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“another text mentioned a Heptad of Ištar (𒀭𒐌𒐌𒁉𒀭𒈹);”
#39569 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001
“It is quite probable that the non‑Semitic name Agade may mean “crown (aga) of fire (de)” in allusion to Ištar, “the brilliant goddess,” the tutelar deity of the morning and evening star and the goddess of war and love, whose cult was observed in very early times in Agade.”
#43893 · extracted by openai/gpt-oss-120b:free