Baʿal Zaphon
deity sky Ugaritic single tradition · 2
Baʿal Zaphon is a storm god depicted standing on two mountains in a smiting posture, often crowned and bearing a scepter. He served as a protector of maritime trade, with temples receiving votive stone anchors. He was worshipped at Jebel Aqra, Ugarit, Tyre, and Carthage, and served as the chief god of the colony at Tahpanes.
↻ synthesized from 2 sources
When
- First attested
- 1800 BCE
- Attested period
- -1800 – 200
- Historical notes
- Earliest depiction dates to 18th century BC; last mention of Zeus Kasios temples occurs in 3rd century CE on Rome's German border.
Relationships
- co occurs with
- Baʿal Shamem, Baʿal Malage, Baʿal Ugarit, Victorious Baʿal, Mightiest one, Mightiest of the Heroes, The Powerful One, Baʿal of Ugarit, Winged Baʿal, Baʿal of the Arrows, Baʿal of the Mace, Baʿal of the Lebanon, Baʿal of Sidon, Baʿal of the Heavens, Baʿal ʾAddir, Ba'al-Ḥammon
- syncretized with
- Amun, Zeus Kasios
- aspect of
- Baʿal
- manifests as
- Baʿal
Sources
wikipedia (2)
Source passages
“Eissfeldt, O. (1932), Baal Zaphon, Zeus Kasios, und der Durchzug der Israeliten durchs Meer”
#25802 · extracted by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.5
“As Baʿal Zaphon (Baʿal Ṣapunu), he was particularly associated with his palace atop Jebel Aqra (the ancient Mount Ṣapānu and classical Mons Casius).”
#25839 · extracted by google/gemini-2.0-flash-001